UGC NET June 2015 - Answer Key of Anthropology Paper 2

In this post I have tried to solve the UGC NET June 2015 - Anthropology paper 2 with the help of internet and a few reference books. The question paper will be uploaded by CBSE.

I started off with the aim of mentioning how many questions have been asked from the previous papers but midway I lost track. Apologies for that. By the next exam (in December 2015) I hope to make a detailed analysis.

I do not have any formal background/training in Anthropology so mistakes are expected. Please let me know in the comments section. Waiting for the official key to be uploaded.

Anthropology Paper 2

Time: 75 minutes

All 50 MCQ are compulsory with two marks each

1. 2 (Last asked in December 2014)
   Australopithecus afarensis was discovered by Donald Johanson. This fossil discovered at Hadar, Ethiopia was named 'Lucy' after the Beatles' song 'Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds'.
   
   Australopithecus (or Paranthropus) boisei, Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania), Footprints of afarensis at Laetoli (Tanzania) and Homo habilis (Olduvai)- Mary Leakey (Louis' wife); Australopithecus anamensis, Turkana (Kenya-Ethiopia) - Meave Leakey (Louis' Daughter-in-law);
   Turkana boy (though not the first H.erectus fossil) - Richard Leakey (Louis' son who married Meave)
2. 4
   Measures of central tendency include Mode, Median, Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean, Harmonic Mean, Weighted mean, Midrange etc
3. 2
   Since genes for beard development are carried by females (genes present on autosomes) also though it has zero expression unless there is a disorder, beard development is a sex-limited trait (limited to one sex only).
   Further, sex-linked genes are those that are present on the sex chromosomes. Sex-influenced traits are those that can be expressed in both sexes but the same allele behaves as dominant in one sex and recessive in the other (influenced by the presence of the corresponding sex hormones)
4. 4
   Genetically distinct segment of human society is known as Isolate
5. 1
   Clyde Kluckhohn wrote the book 'Mirror for Man: The relation of Anthropology to Modern Life'
6. 2
   Though VG Childe is regarded as a neo-evolutionist, Leslie White could be said to have been the propounder. (I am not completely sure of this though.)
7. 1
   Karl Polanyi in the book ' Trade and Market in the Early Empires: Economies in History and Theory, 1957' gave the three modes of exchange.
8. 1M.N. Srinivas wrote the book 'The Remembered Village, 1966'
9. 4
   Pressure flaking appeared in the Upper Paleolithic Age. Levallois technique was used in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic ages, Clactonian and flake technique belongs to Lower Paleolithic. 
10. 4
    Langhnaj is a Mesolithic site which can only be famous for the tools of the age, namely Microliths
11. 3
    Anthropometric rod is 2 m long with four inter-fitting rods of each 50 cm. It has a moveable socket and cannot be used for taking circumferential measurements (unlike tape)
12. 3
    Prosimians do not show organised social behaviour and are mostly solitary and nocturnal (except those of Madagascar). They do not have large body size.
13. 4
    Features of Negroid Races are curly to woolly or grizzly hair. Also epicanthic fold is present in Mongloid Races - eliminating both these features (c and d) leads to option 4 
14. 3
15. * No option corresponds to the correct answer. If the question had been "Who among the following was a member of the Torres Strait Expedition?' the answer would have been Option 1.
    The Cambridge Torres Strait Expedition of 1898 consisted of A.C. Haddon, W.H.R. Rivers, C.G. Seligman, C.S. Myers, William McDougall, Sidney Ray and Anthony Wilkin. Of the options the only one who was not a member of the expedition was Bronislaw Malinowski (Seligman's student). 
16. 3
17. 2
    Economic Specialization is a feature of state. Ideally tribes will not have class formation and will be egalitarian. 
18. 2
19. 2
    Manufacture of Neolithic Celt does not involve flaking.
20. 1
    Varve Analysis is a form of absolute dating method.
21. 3
22. 2
    Mutation is the only source of new alleles and it is random - does not favor a particular allele.
23. 1
24. 2 (Not sure if epicanthic fold has a biological function in the modern world. It may have given an evolutionary advantage in the cold regions)
25. 2 (Asked in June 2012)
26. 1
27. 3 (Similar question asked in December 2014)
    The trade of necessary items is hidden beneath the exchange of ceremonial exchange of shells in the 'Kula Ring' of the Trobriand Islanders
28. 4
29. 2
30. 3
    Starr Carr is regarded as the most important Mesolithic site of Great Britain. Maglemosian is spread over Northern Europe and not Western Europe. 
31. 1 (SImilar question asked in December 2013)
    Blumenbach (1781) - Deniker (1898) - Hooton (1926) - Boyd (1940)
32. 3
    ABO (1900) - MN (1927) - Rh system (1940) - Duffy (1950)
33. 3
    Mutation (Proposed by Hugo De Vries in 1900) - Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance (Sutton and Boveri in 1903) - Sex Linkage (TH Morgan in 1910) - DNA Structure (Watson and Crick in 1953)
34. 3
    Nasion - Pronasale - Subnasale - Stomion
35. 1
    State - Region - Country - Village
36. 1
    Unilinear evolutionism - Diffusionism - Functionalism - Structuralism
37. 4
    
    In his book Ancient Society (1877), L.H. Morgan gave the sequence as: Consanguineous - Punaluan - Syndyasmian - Patriarchal - Monogamy
38. 2
    a. Hindu Method of Tribal Absorption by NK Bose - 1941;
    c. Indian Village by SC Dube - 1955;
    b. Himalayan Polyandry by DN Majumdar - 1962;
    d. Dynamics of Tribal Leadership in Bihar by LP Vidyarthi - 1976
39. * None seem to be the correct answer or Option 3 (I personally have not read much about interstadials)
    The interstadials arranged in sequence are - Amersfoort Interstadial (Between Riss and Wurm Glacials) - Gottweig Interstadial (During Wurm Glacial)  - Paudorf interstadial (26000ya) - Allerod Interstadial (11000ya) 
40. 1 (Asked in December 2014)
    Tan Slipped Ware - Ochre Coloured Pottery(OCP) - Painted Grey Ware (PGW) - Northern Black Polished Ware (NBP)
41. 4
    Martin and Saller - Lehrbuch der Anthropologie (Asked in December 2014);
    Sheldon, Tucker and Stevens - The varieties of Human Physique;
    Ashley Montagu - Handbook of Anthropometry (NOT Handbook of Anthropology as mentioned in the question);
    Weiner and Laurie - Human Biology, A Guide to Field Methods
42. 1
    Tape - Circuference Measurements;
    Spreading Callipers - Curved Dimensions of head and face;
    Sliding Callipers - Short and Straight Measurements;
    Anthropometer - Linear Measurements;
43. 4 (Similar questions have been asked in December 2014, Reconducted-June 2013)
    Clarence Ray Carpenter studied Howling Monkeys and Gibbons. The other three personalities in the question are also known as The Trimates or Louis Leakeys' Angels. Their studies -
    Jane Goodall - Chimpanzee; Dian Fossey - Gorilla; Birute Galdikas - Orangutan;
44. 3
    Taxonomic Classification was given by Carolus Linnaeus leads directly to the option 3. The other matches are -
    Molecular Anthropology - Emile Zuckerkandl (Father of Molecular Evolution);
    New Physical Anthropology - Sherwood Washburn;
    Biological Concept of Species - Ernst Mayr
45. 1 (Asked in December 2014)
    The founder of Cultural Anthropology, E.B. Tylor published his most famous book 'Primitive Culture' in 1871 - leads directly to the option 1. The other books are -
    Ancient Law by Henry Maine (another British Evolutionist belonging to the school of unilinear evolution) - 1861;
    Ancient Society by LH Morgan (American Evolutionist belonging to the school of unilinear evolution) - 1877;
    Anthropology, The Study of Man by E. Adamson Hoebel - 1966 (the option given is 1988 in the question which is wrong)
46. 2
    L.P. Vidyarthi's famous book 'The Maler: NMS Complex in a Hill Tribe of Bihar, 1963' and M.N.Srinivas's famous book 'Religion and Society among the Coorgs of South India, 1952' either of which leads us to the option 2. The other books are -
    N.K. Bose - Canons of Orissan Architecture, 1932;
    D.N. Majumdar - A Village on the Fringe;
47. 1
48. 2
    Kishangarhi was the famous village on which Mckim Marriott based his studies of Universalization and Parochialization leads directly to option 2. The other villages are -
    Rampur, U.P (a village, then 25 km west of Delhi) - Oscar Lewis for his book 'Village Life in North India:Studies in a  Delhi Village, 1958';
    Ramkheri, U.P - A.C. Mayer for his book 'Caste and Kinship in Central India, 1960';
49. 2
    Loess deposits are associated with glaciation whereas Silt formation with Inter Pluvial period.
50. 3
    Renigunta, Andhra Pradesh - Upper Paleolithic Site;
    Suregaon, Maharashtra - Middle Paleolithic Site;
    Langhnaj, Gujarat - Mesolithic Site

UGC NET June 2015 - Answer Key of Anthropology Paper 3

This is the second part of answer key of the UGC NET June 2015-Anthropology subject. The question paper will be uploaded on the official website by CBSE who now conducts the UGC NET exam. 

I have tried solving this paper with the help of internet and a few reference books - yet there are a few questions which I have absolutely no idea to. I may be wrong in places - Do let me know through the comments section.

Anthropology Paper 3

Time: 150 minutes

All 75 MCQ are compulsory with two marks each

1. 4
   Kwashiorkar is a form of protein-energy malnutrition
2. 3
   Human Leukocyte Antigen system is considered the most polymorphic. 
3. 1
   Patau Syndrome - Chromosome 13;
   Down Syndrome - 21;
   Edwards Syndrome - 18
4. 1
5. 3
   Amniocentesis is an invasive prenatal diagnostic technique
6. 4 (Asked in December 2014)
   Auxologist - Study of human growth;
   Ethologist - Study of animal behaviour;
   Nosologist - Classification of diseases;
   Philologist - Study of language in written historical sources;
7. 2
   Malinowski treated culture as 'an instrumental reality for the fulfilment of basic needs of man'
8. 1
   E.B.Tylor's first paragraph of his book Primitive Culture (1871) defines culture as "that complex whole which includes knowledge,belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society". This is regarded as the classical definition of culture.
9. 2
   Bronislaw Malinowski proposed Participant Observation in Anthropology.
10. 3
    L.H. Morgan wrote "Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family" in 1870.
11. 1
    Khasis are known for their Matrilineal system
12. 4
    Article 46 is a Directive Principle of State Policy for Promotion of educational and economic interests of the said sections of society 
13. 2
14. 1
    William Fraser found the first Neolithic Site in Bellary, Karnataka in 1872. Source - The Hindu; These sites in Bellary were first investigated by R.B. Foote;
    First person to discover pre-historic implements (stone-knives and arrow-heads) in India - Primrose, 1842;
    John Evans - first to publish an account of worked flints found near Narmada River, Jabalpur in 1853;
15. 4
16. 1 (Asked in June Re-conducted Exam 2013)
    Hominoids include Hominids(humans) and apes(both great and lesser). They do have larger brains than other primates and lack tails. Except humans all other hominoids do not walk erect and are not typically bipeds. They are not present on the continent of Antarctica.
17. 4
    Man (B) and Wife (AB) can give rise to either of A, B, AB blood groups but NOT O blood group. Also environment does not play a role in determination of blood groups.
18. 2
    Only Homo neandertalensis and Homo floresiensis may have coexisted with modern Homo sapiens.
19. 3
20. 1
    Hardy-Weinberg law was simultaneously discovered by both the scientists. It is the unifying concept of population genetics - Leads to option 1
    Best applicable for infinitely large populations, influenced by natural selection and does not help in understanding fossilization.
21. 4
    Evolutionary fitness describes reproductive success. 
22. 3
    'Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An account of native enterprise and adventure in the Archipelagos of Melanesian New Guinea, 1922' is the only book written by Malinowki among the given options. The other books -
    'Other Cultures, 1966' - John Beattie;
    'Crysanthemum and the Sword, 1946' is Ruth Benedict's best known work on Japanese National Character;
    'People of Alor, 1944' - Cora Du Bois;
23. 2
    Political systems of Highland Burma - Edmund Leach in 1954; Rethinking Anthropology - Edmund Leach in 1961; Eliminating the options with either of these books (b) or (d) leaves us with only option 2 as the answer. The other books -
    The Culture of Poverty - A theory created by Oscar Lewis in his book'Five Families: Mexican Case Studies in Culture of Poverty, 1959';
    The Children of Sanchez - Oscar Lewis in 1963;
24. 2
    'We the Tikopia: A sociological study of kinship in primitive Polynesia' was written by Raymond Firth in 1936. This leads directly to option 2. The other books mentioned were written by Margaret Mead -
    Growing up in New Guinea, 1930;
    Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies, 1935;
    And Keep your Powder Dry: An Anthropologist Looks at America, 1942;
25. 4
26. 2
    Dhumkuria is the name of youth dormitories given by Oraons. Eliminating this leads directly to option 2. Shifting Cultivation is called Jhum among the tribes of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh; Koman/Bringa in North Odisha; Podu in Andhra Pradesh.
27. 1 (Similar question on youth dormitories asked in December 2014)
    Begar is the name given to forced labour. Eliminating this (c) from the options leaves us with only option 1. The names give to Youth dormitories - Arichu by Ao Nagas; Gitiora by Munda and Ho; Gotul by Gonds; 
28. 2
    Gudenus Cave has remains and artifacts from Middle Paleolithic onwards to Neolithic but the other three sites are famous for their Upper Paleolithic finds.
29. 1
    Lahuradeva in the Gangetic plain is a Neolithic - Chalcolithic site. The other sites mentioned in the question are Mesolithic sites. Tilwara - Western India; Sarai Nahar Rai - Ganga Valley; Teri is a group of mesolithic coastal sites in South India; 
30. 2
    Gufkral is a Neolithic site in Kashmir - Eliminating this site (a) from the given options leaves us with Option 2. The rest are all chalcolithic sites in Central Region. 
31. 1 (Asked in December 2014)
32. 3
    Fossilized remains can be direct or indirect. So R is false.
33. 1
    Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked recessive trait and hence will be seen more in males who have a single copy of X chromosome.
34. 1 (Asked in December 2014)
    I am doubtful if the reason can be taken as a correct EXPLANATION of the assertion.
35. 4
36. 1
37. 1
38. 3
    Verrier Elwin meant that such a 'National Park' would be a largely inaccessible part of the country where tribals could live safely without being victims of 'over-hasty and unregulated process of belief and civilization'
39. 2
40. 3 (Not sure)
41. 3
    Jorwe was derived from Malwa culture.
42. 1
    Sanghvi (1953); Balakrishnan and Sanghvi (1968); M. Nei (1972); Cavalli Sforza and Edward (1967);
43. 3
    Acropodian is the most distal part of the longest toe and pternion is the prominent part of the heel backwards. Visit this
44. 4 (I am confused with option 2 and 4 - will have to wait for official key)
    The steps in a Polymerase Chain Reaction are Denaturation (DNA melts at 95^o C) - Annealing of Primers (55^o C) - Extension of primers (~75^o C)
45. 2
    In a circular cycle, Mitosis is followed by Cytokinesis after which follows Interphase in the divided cells. This Interphase comprises of a G1(Gap1 where cellular contents except chromosomes are duplicated)-S(Synthesis which includes replication of DNA)-G2(Gap2 where more growth and final preparation for Mitosis)  followed by Mitosis (G1-S-G2-M or M-G1-S-G2). 
46. 2 (Asked in December 2014)
    Diagnosis - Risk Assessment - Discussion of options - Long contact and support
47. 2
    Arches - Loop - Whorls - Composites
48. 2 (Also asked in Paper 2)
    Primitive Promiscuity - Group Marriage - Polygamy - Monogamy
49. 1
    d. The Elementary Structure of Kinship - 1949;
    b. Trysts Tropiques - 1961;
    c. Structural Anthropology - 1963;
    a. Savage Mind - 1966;
50. * None of the options are correct
    Argonauts of the Western Pacific (Malinowski) - 1922;
    Coming of Age in Samoa (Margaret Mead) -1928;
    Elementary structures of kinship (Levi-Strauss) - 1949;
    Primitive World and its transformation (Redfield) - 1953;
51. 4c. Tepoztlan - A Mexican Village - 1930;a. Folk Culture of Yucatan - 1941;
    d. The Little Community: Viewpoint for the study of Human Whole - 1955;b. Peasant Society and Culture - 1956;
52. 3
    Dharma - Artha - Kama - Moksha
53. 4
    Calcutta University (1920s) - Delhi (1947) - Lucknow (1950) - Ranchi - Punjab
54. 1
    Discoid Core (Middle Paleolithic) - Burin (Upper Paleolithic) - Lunate (Mesolithic) - Mace head (Neolithic)
55. 3
    Side Scraper (Middle Paleolithic) - Chattelperronean knife (Upper Paleolithic) - Harpoon (Upper Paleolithic) - Trapeze (Mesolithic) 
56. 3
    Amri Ware (3600-3300BC) - Malwa (Chalcolithic) - Jorwe (Chalcolithic) - Black and Red Ware (Iron Age)
57. 4
    Sickle Cell disease - hereditary;
    Metabolic disease - Diabetes;
    Degenerative disease - Heart disease;
    Malignant cells - Cancer;
58. 2
    X-linked recessive trait - Colour Blindness; Leads to option 2
    X-linked dominant - Vitamin-D resistant rickets;
    Autosomal recessive - Thalassaemia;
    Autosomal dominant - Osteogenesis imperfecta;
59. 4
    Angular torus - Posterior inferior angle of the parietal bone
    Metopic keel - On the Frontal bone of skull
    Sagittal keel - On the sagittal suture;
    Supra-orbital torus - Above eye orbits;
60. 4
    The number of Barr bodies is one less the number of X chromosomes present. This is a method of dosage compensation by preventing the genes(90%) present on the second (extra) chromosome from being transcribed. XO - Zero Barr bodies; XX - One; XXXY - Two; XXXX - Three;
61. 3
    Familial Hypercholesterolemia - Early coronary artery disease; Leads to option 3Phenylketonuria - Mental retardation, fair skin, eczema, epilepsy;
    Alkaptonuria - Arthritis;
    Galactosemia - Cataracts, mental retardation;
62. 1
    Fluoroscent in situ hybridization (FISH) - 1980s;
    Comparative genomic hybridization (uses FISH) - 1990s;
    Chomosomal banding (Giemsa) - 1970s;
    Reliable method of Karyotyping - 1950s;
63. 1
64. 2
    Virilocal is a refined term for Patrilocal (house of husband);
    Uxorilocal is a refined term for Matrilocal (house of wife);
    Avunculocal - Boy's maternal uncle;
    Amitalocal - Boy's fraternal aunt;
65. 3
    Robert Redfield - Yucatan;
    Margaret Mead - Mandugumor (The other two groups for her book 'Sex and Temperament in three primitive societies' being Arapesh adn Tschamboli);
    Franz Boas - Kwakiutl;
    L.H. Morgan - Iroquois (kinship studies); 
66. 3
    Toda - Pastoralists;
    Khasa - Polyandry;
    Oraon - Settled Cultivation;
    Khasi - Matrilineal (Also the 11th question in this paper);
67. 2
    Reservation in Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha - 330,332, 334;
    Appointment of a commission - 339(i);
    Cultural and Educational Rights - 29;
    Safeguards of Tribal Interest in Property - 19(d) and (e) (Not 19(iv) as given in the options);
68. 3
    Food gathering - Nomadism;
    Settled Cultivation - Sedentary;
    Pastoralism - Transhumance (seasonal movement of people with their livestock);
    Shifting Cultivation - Fallowing;
69. 3 (Not sure about this answer)
    Bagor - Mesolithic;
    Nevasa on Chirki - Lower Paleolithic;
    Mahadaha - Upper Paleolithic;
    Belan - Neolithic;
70. 4
    Painted Grey Ware - 1100-900 BC;
    Ochre-Coloured Pottery - 1600-1300 BC;
    Ill- fired pottery - 3900-2300 BC;
    Malwa Pottery - 2300-1600 BC;
71. 1
72. 1
73. 2
74. 3
75. 1